- By improving the standard of living and preventing overcrowding
- By diagnosing and treating adults with pulmonary tuberculosis
- By immunising all newborn infants with BCG
- By keeping children away from adults with untreated tuberculosis
- By screening children who have come into close contact with an adult with pulmonary tuberculosis and giving chemoprophylaxis to all TB exposed children under 5 years of age
- By monitoring weight gain (Road-to-Health Card) to identify children with failure to thrive. Preventing malnutrition and giving routine vitamin A helps prevent the progression of TB infection to tuberculosis (TB disease).
- By preventing the spread of HIV infection