If possible, an infant should always be examined with one or both parents present. Infants under a few months are usually examined on the couch or bed. Examining a small child of 3 to 36 months is often easier if the mother holds the infant sitting on her lap. This is particularly important when examining the throat and ears when the mother may have to sit the child upright on her lap, looking away from her, while she holds the child’s head firmly against her chest.

Older children may not like lying down and can be examined while standing in front of the mother, depending on the child’s wishes. Always be gentle and friendly. Never rush or move suddenly.